Checking Cows

written by

Joel Salatin

posted on

December 12, 2023

When you patronize Polyface, it’s not just a meal decision; it indicates that you embrace a whole new meaning to some of the most common phrases in farming. For example, cattle operations utter the phrase “checking cows” nearly every day.

As commonly understood, this means roaming around vast acreages looking for cows, trying to find them. In a feedlot situation, of course, it means wading through a fecal pall of grain-fed cattle, jiggly fat, and up to their briskets in poop. Oh, the stench.

But “checking cows” takes on a whole new meaning at Polyface. First, they’re all mobbed up in a small paddock—new every day—where we can find them and see them in a minute or so. No roaming around the countryside trying to find the ones hiding behind the bushes. They’re all right there in the paddock like herding animals are supposed to be.

Second, we look at the grass. Because we move them every day to a new salad bar, we’re keen to see the state of the current salad bar. The conventional cattle guys wouldn’t know if the grass is too short, too long, weaker, or stronger if it stood up and slapped them in the face. But because we’re strategically and meticulously pruning the forage, we’re monitoring the growth down to the finest grass whorl.

Third, we look at the poop. Sheet cake means the forage is too rich. Cookies mean it’s too fibrous. Pumpkin pie is juuuust right—round, mounded up on the edges, slightly sunken in the middle, with a little dollop where she squeezed off the last little bit. Yum. Adjusting the pasture rotation based on manure is just one of many re-calibrations we make to ensure nutritional balance and vigorous health.

Fourth, we look at the water trough. While most herds in the country drink out of pooped-in ponds, streams, and springs, at Polyface we use portable troughs with piped water. This ensures that the water is both clean and proximate. Our cows don’t have to walk a mile to water; it’s always right there in the paddock. What a life; luxurious indeed. We check to make sure the water is at the level it’s supposed to be and that it’s clean.

Fifth, we check their contentedness. If you take time to listen and observe, with all those creatures standing there looking at you, they will let you know if they are happy. Their rumen (where they hold the grass they eat) is on one side and should be filled out. They should be chewing their cud placidly, not pacing and bawling, acting disgruntled.

Sixth, we check their mineral. Over the many decades we’ve been farming, we have yet to find anyone who feeds enough minerals to their cows. In the wild, herds migrate many miles to a salt lick or other mineral-rich deposit. But in a domestic production model, the herds can’t walk to these natural deposits; we have to bring the deposits to them. Here at Polyfae, that includes seaweed (kelp), Sea 90 Sea Salt, and an organic supplement from Fertrell called Nutri-balancer, full of minerals and vitamins. Sometimes the cows eat it like candy and other times they don’t touch it for days. Since cows don’t watch TV they aren’t swayed by ads or celebrity endorsements; they just lick it when they need it and ignore it when they don’t. We put a lot of faith in the cows’ innate sense of need, something humans seem to have lost.

Finally, we check the spark. That’s what keeps them controlled. The electric fence is our brake, accelerator, and steering wheel on that four-legged pruning sauerkraut vat. We can steer them across the landscape with the same precision as a zero-turn mower on a golf course, for the first time in human history. Very cool. Not very many cows receive that level of management; Polyface cows are royalty.

So when you eat that Polyface hamburger or enjoy that succulent roast, pat yourself on the back. You’ve embraced a whole different notion toward bovine management. It’s a system that grows soil, protects and enhances hydrology, and purifies the air like the bison did for millennia. With the most modern, high-tech infrastructure leveraging the most ancient herbivore logistics, At Polyface “checking cows” rises to a whole new meaning. Your patronage proves that you desire such stewardship too, so go ahead, take a bite, and smile into sacredness.

Thank you.

Joel Salatin

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Duplication

  "How does this scale?"  Whenever someone asks me that question, the underlying assumption is that production volume requires consolidation, concentration, and centralization.           In other words, the only way to feed the world is to make bigger chicken houses in one place, bigger canneries in one place, bigger machines and bigger warehouses.  I remember well being vilified by a Smithsonian historian at a food conference where he and I were both on a panel.                     When I dared to suggest bigger is not always better, he interrupted me and ranted for 10 minutes on why bigger is always better.  "A bigger fort was always bigger than a smaller one.  A bigger gun was always better than a smaller one."  He went on and on about how historical accuracy and authenticity demands addiction to bigger.                   But biology is not forts and guns.  It's not mechanical.  Critters have an optimal size.  As animal behaviorist guru Temple Grandin says, living things demand energy for three things:  reproduction, growth, and immunological function.  All three must be in balance.  When anyone selects for only one of those traits, the other two suffer.  That's why American dairy cows only have two lactations on average.  When they milk as heavily as our one-trait genetic selection asks, they don't breed and have all sorts of sickness problems.                   Nature does not scale through concentration; it scales with duplication.  If nature wants more oak, it doesn't make one big tree; it makes acorns.  If nature wants more milk, it doesn't make a great big cow; it makes calves.  If nature wants more tomatoes, it doesn't make a monster tomato plant; it makes a bunch of seeds that make more tomato plants.  Nature scales with duplication.                   At Polyface, rather than having a chicken house big enough for 15,000 chickens, we have 170 little 120 square foot portable shelters holding 75 birds apiece and giving us cumulative capacity for 15,000.  But they're spread out in modules, duplicated, to give us the production volume.                   We run pigs in groupings of 35-50.  A Smithfield confinement facility might house 5,000 hogs in a bigger-than-football-field-sized facility.  The stench is unbearable.  By spreading these pigs out across the landscape in small groups we get the same scale without any of the ecological, immunological, or animal welfare dysfunction.                   This could even be said of farming in general.  People see the massive corn, soybean, and alfalfa farms in the mid-west and wonder how we would possibly survive without those massive, single-species outfits.  The fact is they aren't even producing food.  Half the soybeans are exported to other countries; those markets are drying up rapidly with competition from other countries like Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil.  Nearly half the corn goes to taxpayer-subsidized ethanol.  The alfalfa goes to Japan and Saudi Arabia to feed racehorses.  By and large, all that production isn't even food.                   The fact is we don't need to produce all those commodities and even if we needed it all for food, we could do it in a more spread out, diversified platform.  America has 35 million acres in lawns.  We have 36 million acres housing and feeding recreational horses.  All of this could be turned into duplicative production, like acorns for oak trees.                   My point is this:  scale as commonly understood in modern American lexicon is completely anti-ecological.  The real mechanism for scale is duplication.  A more democratized production creating volume through multiplicative nodes is the way nature works.  This is why farms like Polyface, with spread out infrastructure in repeated modules offers multiple advantages.                   Polyface can't feed the world by itself, and we have no desire to build an empire trying to.  But thousands of Polyfaces can feed the world.  Indeed, they're the only way to do it for the next 500 years.  This is one reason why we invest heavily in germinating new young farmers. Our stewardship and apprenticeship programs are all about this kind of duplication.                   In fact, Aug. 21-22 we're hosting the Stockman Grass Farmer's Launching Young Farmers conference where we'll feature 8 of our graduates who were 20 years old, no money, no land, and at 40 are full-time farming without government subsidies.  If you ever dreamed of bootstrapping a farming career, you should come.  We still have room.  It will be the most profound agricultural conference in America this year.  Information is on our website on the education tab.                   For most of you, the fact that you keep us in business to duplicate production and the farmers who will carry these principles forward, indicates your heart investing in an authentic food and farming model.  Thank you for making it all possible.